Mixed Migration Review 2025
Migration in the context of geopolitical turmoil

This report examines how climate change, labour conditions, and migration policies intersect to shape risks and opportunities for migrants in Saudi Arabia. It also highlights barriers to protection, precarious employment, and limited mobility options.
Drawing on original research with individuals from East Africa, North Africa, South Asia, and East Asia, the study presents insights into the drivers of migration, recruitment practices, and the impacts of extreme heat and dust storms. The findings offer evidence to inform policymakers, humanitarian organizations, and researchers working to strengthen migrant protection and resilience in Saudi Arabia.