The core countries of focus for this region are Algeria, Libya, Morocco, and Tunisia. Depending on the quarterly trends and migration-related updates, more attention may be given to some of the countries over the rest.
On the Central Mediterranean Route, recorded deaths and disappearances increased by 57% compared with the same period in 2025, despite a 52% decline in sea arrivals to Italy. This suggests that lower arrivals do not necessarily reflect fewer crossing attempts and may be associated with heightened risks in the context of stricter migration controls.
As of 28 June 2026, Algeria became the second-largest departure country for arrivals to Italy, accounting for 8% of all arrivals (1,198), ahead of Tunisia (8%; 1,074). Libya remained the main departure point (83%; 11,848). Overall, irregular sea arrivals to Italy decreased by 52% YoY.
As of 30 June 2026, arrivals along the Western Mediterranean Route had increased by 26% compared to the same period in 2025, contrasting with a 33% decline in overall arrivals to Spain. Algeria is the main country of departure.
Both authorities in Libya strengthened migration control through repatriation operations and local enforcement measures, alongside growing anti-migrant sentimentamong the population and public protests targeting UNHCR.
Eastern Libya banned entry for nationals of Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Somalia, potentially affecting protection access to Libya.
Anti-migrant narratives and protests intensified in Tunisia, alongside a solidarity march and calls for the protection of migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers.
Tunisia acknowledged its state-led approach to assisted returns, reporting nearly 5,000 organized returns since July 2025.
Moroccan authorities maintained relocation operations in northern departure areas, with some reported transfers extending towards border areas with Algeria.
Twenty-six migrant deaths were reported along the Algeria-Morocco border during the reporting period, bringing the total recorded along this route over the past six months to 47 and underscoring the humanitarian risks associated with crossings in the area.
The QMMUs offer an update on new trends and dynamics related to mixed migration and relevant policy developments in the region. These updates are based on a compilation of a wide range of secondary (data) sources, brought together within a regional framework and applying a mixed migration analytical lens. Similar QMMUs are available for all MMC regions
Interested in other Quarterly Updates?
Explore mixed migration dynamics and policy developments in a region, compiled through diverse secondary sources.
