This infographic explores migration routes from the Horn of Africa — departing Ethiopia, Somalia, and Djibouti — to arrival points along the Yemeni coast. It is based on 1,645 surveys with migrants in Yemen (April–June 2025) which explored the routes they took, the smugglers they relied on, and the dangers they faced. 

Findings show a near-universal reliance on smugglers, highlighting the absence of legal migration pathways and the difficult overland and sea crossings that require smugglers’ knowledge and resources to navigate and avoid detection.