4Mi snapshot / infographic

Published

Published by: MMC, UNODC

Region: North Africa, West Africa

The Many Roles of Migrant Smugglers and Movement Facilitators in West and North Africa

Empirical research on the use of migrant smugglers and facilitators by people on the move in West and North Africa is scarce. A Mixed Migration Centre (MMC) study found that more than two-thirds of refugees and migrants surveyed in Libya and half of those surveyed in Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger between 2017 and 2019 used a smuggler. Drawing upon new 4Mi data collected in February and March 2021 with people on the move, this snapshot sheds more light on the prevalence and roles of smugglers along mixed migration routes in Libya, Niger, and Mali. This snapshot is produced in the context of a partnership with the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Observatory on Smuggling of Migrants.

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